One for All, All for One es un ambicioso proyecto multimedia que combina cómics, películas y eventos públicos para crear una mirada convincente y oportuna sobre la importancia de las narrativas de inmunización y vacunación, en este enlace lo pueden leer en formato digital aqui NHS Vocal’s website. Sus creadores Nabeel Peterson (Escritor) y profesora Bella Starling (codirectora) tomaron tiempo de su apretada agenda para responder unas preguntas.
Con el apoyo de investigadores y especialistas en participación comunitaria, el Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud y Atención (NIHR) y Wellcome, ONE FOR ALL, ALL FOR ONE estarán disponibles digitalmente el 14 de noviembre y en formato impreso y digital el 24 de noviembre de 2022. .
Sinopsis
Basado en discusiones colaborativas con personas de Malawi, Sudáfrica y el Reino Unido, así como en evidencia de investigaciones científicas, de ciencias sociales y de comunicación científica, One for All, All for One es un cómic de cuatro capítulos que sigue a los hermanos pequeños, Tadala y Mayeso , mientras navegan por los mitos y la información errónea, ven la influencia de los creadores de opinión y las redes sociales, aprenden cómo llegar a sus propias conclusiones y ven el impacto a largo plazo de su participación en proyectos de investigación comunitarios.
A continuación se presenta la entrevista traducida y luego en idioma original:
Entrevista a la Profesora Bella Starling
1.-¿Cuál es el principal motivo de rechazo de las vacunas? ¿Miedo o desinformación?
La evidencia muestra que la barrera individual más grande para la vacunación es el acceso y la disponibilidad, particularmente, por ejemplo, en áreas de conflicto en todo el mundo, donde prevalece la pobreza o donde la infraestructura médica puede ser limitada. Sin embargo, sigue siendo importante hablar sobre la inmunización y escuchar abiertamente las esperanzas y los temores de la gente sobre la vacunación. Como retrata nuestro cómic, algunas personas pueden estar preocupadas por la vacunación debido a la incertidumbre sobre en quién confiar y qué tan seguras son las vacunas. Las posturas antivacunas solo representan una proporción muy pequeña de las actitudes hacia las vacunas.
2.- ¿De dónde viene la información errónea sobre las vacunas? ¿Es por la fobia a las agujas o tiene un origen político/cultural?
A través de este cómic, esperamos desarrollar resiliencia frente a la información errónea y la desinformación. La información errónea puede provenir de diferentes lugares y es difícil identificar fuentes específicas. ¡Lo importante es, como hacen Tadala y Mayeso, basarse en estrategias, evidencia y curiosidad para poder llegar a sus propias conclusiones y desacreditar la información errónea!
3.-¿Has pensado en hacer una secuela de este cómic centrada en vacunas específicas que han sido rechazadas por el público y que es muy importante tener esa inmunización?
El contenido de nuestro cómic es aplicable a todas las vacunas: contra COVID, meningitis, influenza, ¡la lista continúa! Nos encantaría desarrollar este cómic y hacerlo disponible en diferentes idiomas y culturas. Si está interesado en trabajar con nosotros para hacer esto, ¡póngase en contacto!
4.-Este proyecto tiene un punto de partida en Sudáfrica y Reino Unido, ¿has pensado en llevar esta iniciativa a América Latina?
También trabajamos muy de cerca y en colaboración con las comunidades de Malawi para dar forma al contenido y la apariencia del cómic. Y nos encantaría trabajar en América Latina. ¡Por favor, póngase en contacto si desea ayudar a que esto suceda!
Muchas gracias a David Hyde y Hanna Bahedry de Superfan Promotions LLC por lograr la logística necesaria para esta entrevista
Entrevista en idioma original (inglés):
Interview with Bella Starling
1.- What is the main reason for refusal of vaccines? Fear or misinformation?
Evidence shows that the biggest single barrier to vaccination is access and availability, particularly, for example, in conflict areas across the globe, where poverty is prevalent, or where medical infrastructure might be limited. Nevertheless, it's still important to talk about immunisation and to listen openly to people's hopes and fears about vaccination. As our comic portrays, some people might be apprehensive about vaccination because of uncertainty about who to trust, and how safe vaccines are. Anti-vaccine stances only account for a very very small proportion of attitudes to vaccines.
2.- Where does misinformation about vaccines come from? Is it because of the phobia of needles or does it have a political/cultural origin?
Through this comic, we are hoping to build resilience to misinformation and disinformation. Misinformation might come from different places, and it's difficult to pinpoint specific sources. The important thing is, like Tadala and Mayeso do, draw on strategies, evidence and curiosity to be able to come to your own conclusions and debunk misinformation!
3.-Have you thought about making a sequel to this comic focused on specific vaccines that have been rejected by the public and that it is very important to have that immunization?
Bella Starling: The content of our comic is applicable to all vaccines - against COVID, meningitis, influenza, the list goes on! We would love to build on this comic by making it available across different languages and cultures. If you're interested in working with us to do this, please get in touch!
This project has a starting point in South Africa and the United Kingdom—have you thought of taking this initiative to Latin America?
Bella Starling: We also worked really closely and collaboratively with communities in Malawi to shape the content and look of the comic. And we would LOVE to work in Latin America. Please do get in touch if you'd like to help make this happen!
Interview to Nabeel Petersen
1.- For the research in the creation of the script, how could you choose which fear or myth about vaccines was the most significant?
In the comic we first meet teenagers Mayeso and Tadala who are caught up in a flurry of voices with differing opinions about vaccines. It was important for us not to feature a particular myth as research suggests that ‘trying to directly confront and alter sceptical attitudes’ can make the problem worse.
We held co-creation workshops in Malawi where young mothers, students, faith leaders, shared their concerns about misinformation. So the story explores how to develop ‘misinformation resilience’ that is interrogating where information comes from and seeking out sources of information you can trust.
2.- What is the creative process like when working with a street artist like Mohamed Hassan who may not be used to making comics?
Mohamed and I have a long standing relationship in health engagement practice, developing collective stories, murals and creative workshops and we run a street arts materials store. We’ve mastered a process between us that pivots on our individual and collective strengths and we are completely supportive and cognisant of each others’ learning and creative processes, challenges and triggers. We work with Adilah Petersen (researcher/dietician/project manager) and Kauthar Dramat (photographer/animator/videographer) in a visual arts laboratory we call “Soema Just” meaning “Just Because” – our motto. Mo has always dabbled in one page no-text based comics and I have always written longer stories which explores the mundane and everyday in a super focused way. I lean on Mo’s creative identity when it comes to process, i.e. “FoK Alles” meaning “F&^% Everything” – I take this to mean let’s delete the idea of a singular process and a singular product. Let’s create the table together before we sit at it and get to conversation and design. Only in this way can we truly be an equitable team.
3.- The main objective of this project is to inform people about the importance of vaccines and immunization. Do you think that this can be extrapolated into animated series that continue to expand this important content?
Just to re-focus slightly our main objective was actually to co-create various tools to stimulate dialogue and foster critical thinking when it comes to vaccines, accessing information and exploring what is meant by ‘community protection’ - that is taking a vaccine doesn’t just protect you, but those around you and particularly the vulnerable. Also to encourage researchers to think about how they can listen and engage with their communities better.
I would love to work on an animated series that further explores these ideas, critical thinking and exploring tools to navigate this territory.
4.-During the investigation, did you find difficulties in moving forward with those anti-vaccine people?
What we found was that the majority of people weren’t anti-vaccine, they just wanted more information about how vaccines work and how we can be sure they are safe. When we look at the barriers to people getting vaccinated on a global level this is linked to access, poverty, humanitarian crises, wars etc. not anti-vaccine sentiments.
The pandemic has of course changed things a bit. Misinformation can affect views about vaccines. We find that context is everything when we think about barriers to vaccination. Things like distance from and access to clinics is still a problem, particularly in rural areas. But trust and building bridges with both healthcare workers and researchers is also key.
5.- Is the story about the brother and sisters Tadala and Mayeso based on real events but with different names?
Nabeel Petersen: Yes and No is the easy answer. The story arcs presented in the comic is based on ideas shared within the workshop. Ideas around storyline, issues and challenges experienced, characterization, contextualization, dress, etc. were discussed and presented within the workshop. Project lead in Malawi, Rodrick Sambakunsi compiled reports for us which documented all sketches, community asset maps, local myths, needs etc presented in the workshops.
So Tadala (young woman) and Mayeso (young man) are fictional siblings – YES. But they are designed from many discussions within the workshop. We then worked to bring these characters to life based on this information – of course not subscribing to every single detail. Before settling on the names Tadala and Mayeso, we went through quite a lot of names. Rodrick helped us pick the final names for the characters!
Trust and sharing were pivotal to the workshop process, and we could never have developed these characters or this story without first exploring trust as a collective within that workshop process.
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